As of March 11th, 2020, the Corona Virus (COVID-19) has been recognized as a worldwide pandemic. We have known about the virus ever since it hit China last December, but now that it is at your door you need to protect yourself. Identifying symptoms, too, is important so that you can get help and avoid infecting others.
Don’t Panic
It is important to stay calm and focused on reality. While this situation and the word pandemic are very scary, panic only minimizes our ability to think rationally. In fact, anxiety and stress release stress hormones like cortisol, which in turn impair immune system function. One of the greatest ways to curtail panic is with knowledge and awareness and calmness.
Prepare
First, let’s talk about what you need in order to prepare.
- The main thing you might face is prolonged periods of quarantine. This has happened in China and Italy both, so it may happen to you. In the case of quarantine, you will have to stay inside your home.
- According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) there are some key things you can do to prepare (just in case):
- “Create an emergency contact list.” This should include emergency contacts for neighbors, friends, family, your health care team, employers, schools and your local health department.
- “Learn about your employer’s emergency operations plan.” Find out exactly what your plan covers as to sick leave, work from home possibilities and how your employer plans to deal with this outbreak. Can you telecommute to get your work done by computer at home?
- Most important, stay informed, look to credible sources for information about COVID-19 and reject gossip and hype, which only propagate panic and anxiety.
Additional comments –
- Do you have a medical power of attorney document to bring with you to a new doctor or hospital? That will specify in writing who can make medical decisions for you if you are unconscious, extremely confused, or unable to make your own medical decisions for any reason. The medical power of attorney document should also include all of the necessary information to reach the designated person(s), including phone numbers, addresses, emails.
Precautions
Let’s talk about what you can do to prevent getting the virus in the first place. Watch this helpful practical video on how to follow proper precautions – https://vimeo.com/401923670.
First, while controversial, COVID has put us all in a rock vs hard place situation. No one wants to die from a COVID infection or end up with lifelong chronic symptoms from the damage that even a mild infection of this type can cause.
So, get vaccinated. Yes, there are vaccine side effects. Yes, there are some bigger risks from each vaccine that a rare number of people may get.
But this vaccine step alone will cut your risk of dying from COVID a lot. And it will protect the people around you from getting it from you by limiting the amount of virus your body makes, even if you do get a non-symptomatic case of it. All of that seems worth it.
In addition –
According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), clean your hands often for at least 20 seconds each wash. Definitely wash your hands after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing, or having been in a public place.
If soap and water are not available, use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Soap and water are better than hand sanitizer if they are available, so please don’t stock pile hand sanitizer.
It is now clear that the COVID-19 virus is airborne. You can get it more from droplets or aerosols of other people as they hang in the air and you inhale them. Wearing a mask that properly filters out very small virus particles may help reduce your risk of getting a load of virus into your lungs (or spreading it around from you). So…
Protect other people, in case you are a carrier of the virus without symptoms. Wear a mask when you are out in public or around other people that you don’t live with. For sure, wear a mask if you are a current caregiver for a person who is sick with COVID-19. You want to block the exhaled mist of droplets from your breathing, coughing, or sneezing from getting into the air or onto nearby surfaces.
The goal of wearing non-N95 kinds of face masks over your nose and mouth that lay people outside the medical professions should wear is to protect other people from you as a potential symptom-free carrier/spreader of the virus and less so to protect you from the virus. In other words, you may not even feel sick – but you can transmit the virus.
With some communities choosing to stop mask mandates in public, the best way to protect yourself is to choose your interactions with other people carefully using social distancing. And, because of the ability of virus droplets to linger in the air for many minutes, consider using N95 grade face masks for yourself.
Be aware that a recent study of droplet spread on airplanes makes air travel an even scarier idea than it has been. The more contagious variants of the virus spread the infection more efficiently than the original version. Spending time inside a building or room or airplane with limited air flow is a risk (https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.08.21249439v1).
If others refuse to wear any masks to protect other people from them, the best defense is likely to be wearing N95 masks youself that may block virus particles from getting into your nose and mouth.
The best version is 3M N95 masks, but those are reserved mostly for front-line health care providers. However, among others, here is one brand of USA-based supplier of N95-certified masks that you might check out (click on the image to learn more) –
And – people around you who look and “feel” healthy can also transmit the virus to you.
Lately, some companies are making and/or selling N95 masks (U.S. filtering criteria) and some with a KN95 mask certification (China’s filtering criteria) to consumers. Even if you don’t care about spreading the virus around, at least get an N95 mask for yourself to keep you from getting the virus.
Remember, even if you are young and “healthy”, the evidence shows a risk for long-term damage to your heart, lungs, and other organs from what appeared at first to be a “mild” infection. People who get mild cases of acute (short-term) illness from COVID-19 can still end up with what they are now calling “long haul” syndrome, lasting months to years.
You macho or vain types don’t need to worry that wearing a mask makes you look “weak” or afraid of a virus… Killing your own or someone else’s grandmother by being a person who refuses to wear a mask and simply breathes in public without a mask – risks spreading the virus to vulnerable others.
You can do this selfish act just by breathing, coughing, sneezing, laughing or talking when you are physically near vulnerable people. All in all, such behavior is far from macho or appealing.
Keep a good digital thermometer available at home to check your temperature for fever. You may even want to get a finger pulse oximeter to help you and your doctor (by phone) decide if you need to get yourself to a hospital for treatment of the most serious lung complications of the virus.
Clean your home well and regularly.
The CDC precautions continue, saying whenever possible avoid touching surfaces in public areas that are touched by many, such as doorknobs, handrails, and elevator buttons. Handshakes need to be postponed for now. You can use your sleeve or a tissue when you touch these. Wash your hands right after contact. Or carry alcohol-based disinfectant wipes with you to deal with such situations.
Stay away from anyone you know who has a cold or flu symptoms. The World Health Organization recommends at least a 6-foot distance away from someone who is coughing or sneezing. Social distancing means just that – don’t shake hands, hug or kiss people, and limit your exposures to other people during a commute or at work/school. Originally the experts suggested a 3-foot distance from other people, but 6 feet or more away is a better idea. Researchers have shown that droplets from coughs travel even farther.
CoronaVirusPublicHealthInfoGraphic DOWNLOAD
If you may have been exposed to someone with coronavirus, you may need to quarantine yourself away from other people for 14 days. Be aware that the average incubation period from original exposure to onset of symptoms could be a period of many days, but averages 5-6 days.
According to World Health Organization (WHO), you should follow safe respiratory hygiene. When sneezing or coughing, make sure to cover nose and mouth with either a bent elbow or tissue. Throw away all tissues right after use. This is because droplets spread virus. Gloves may protect the skin of your hands from the virus, but discard gloves before you spread the virus anyway to your face or home surfaces.
Both the WHO and the CDC advise that if you are sick, stay home. Even when you don’t know if it is Corona or just a cold, it is better to stay home until you feel well again. The majority of people who get sick from coronavirus recover, but they are at risk of spreading the virus to more vulnerable people in their life – e.g., family members and friends who are older and/or suffer from chronic diseases.
According to a medical professional who spoke with CNN on March 10, 2020, a 6-foot distance between people is a safer bet.
Dr. William Schaffner, an internist and infectious disease specialist from Vanderbilt University told CNN on March 9, that the elderly and those with existing compromised health are best served by staying away from crowds, so for now postpone going to concerts, philharmonic and other places where large crowds gather in small spaces.
This also means limiting restaurant meals where you sit in close contact with others indoors.
And, for now, until the vaccines are widely distributed (not just in existence), avoid larger gatherings with friends and/or family, including holiday times.
As of March 11, 2020, the authorities recommend not gathering in large crowds of 500 or more for everyone, hence the cancellation of sporting events around the US, including March Madness, the closing of Disneyland and the cancellation of various conventions. Respiratory infection spreads faster in poor ventilated areas and closed-in settings. Many states limit gatherings to much smaller groups.
The data suggest that eating in restaurants and being in bars to drink or eat (which limits mask use) are the highest risk for transmitting the COVID-19 virus.
Who Is At Highest Risk?
Older adults (Over 60) and those who have existing medical conditions including, lung disease, heart disease and diabetes will suffer the most and have the highest mortality rate if infected, according to the CDC.
The director of the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Dr. Nancy Messonnier says, the highest risk of COVID-19 is for those over age 80 who have other medical conditions.
If you or someone you know fits into a high risk category, stock up on groceries and any required medications, leave space between you and others, avoid crowds and travel, clean your hands and your house often, and stay home as much as possible. CDC specifically recommends postponing travel for older adults and those with certain medical conditions.
Symptoms
“Ordinary” Common Symptoms:
The CDC lists the following symptoms to look for, which are much like a cold:
- Fever
- Cough
- Shortness of breath
If you have the “normal” symptoms, do call – don’t necessarily visit – your health care provider for an evaluation of the situation to determine if you need to be seen. Doctors barely have access to adequate test kits at this point in time, and a vaccine is many months away. You risk spreading your infection to your doctor, other health care staff, and other patients if you show up in person.
But certainly call your doctor for his/her advice on what to do.
Don’t have a regular doctor to call? At least reach out to a telemedicine service online. Examples include GoodRx.com, MDLive.com, teladoc.com, and numerous others.
Be aware that some areas may have the antibody treatment available for people who are early in their COVID infection course – the antibodies may lessen the risk of getting more severely ill. Learn more at https://www.lilly.com/news/media/media-kits/bamlanivimab-covid19.
States are also offering COVID-19 testing sites – search for those on the internet to find ones near you. Typically you do need an appointment, but it is not necessarily a long wait.
Make sure that you keep handy at home a good fever thermometer, a small pulse oximeter, and any other self care devices that make sense for your situation. You can record your measurements and report them to your doctor.
Emergency warning signs:
- Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
- Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
- New onset confusion or inability to arouse
- Bluish face or lips
If you experience the emergency warning signs, seek medical assistance immediately. These can be warning signs of very serious complications like pneumonia, which can be fatal. Don’t delay.
Even if you have had a vaccination for other types of pneumonia, they will not protect you from the COVID-19 type of pneumonia.
(Source: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html)
Obviously, if you have been in contact with someone who has been diagnosed with COVID-19 you should see your doctor or seek emergency services immediately to get tested and do not come into contact with others to prevent spread. If available in your community, see if drive-by coronavirus screening tests in your car are an option for you.
For more information on what to do it you have been exposed to COVID-19, check out this resource from Harvard here.
Alternative Therapies
Conventional medical experts will warn you that there are no useful alternative therapies for the COVID-19 danger. And they are right in a general sense. There is no direct evidence of benefit…yet. However, evidence is slowly accumulating concerning vitamin D deficiencies in the sickest people with complicated cases.
Others have been examining high dose vitamin D3, zinc (especially the acetate form of lozenge), and magnesium, among others. The flavonoid quercetin is known to stabilize the body’s mast cells and help cut down histamine release in allergies. Quercetin may also be beneficial for some people with COVID-19 infections. More studies will tell us.
In general, there are NO “cures” in alternative medicine for a COVID-19 coronavirus infection. But, there are a number of natural remedies that have shown antiviral properties against other viruses.
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Always talk with your own health care providers – this is not a situation to assume that you will be OK or that using a particular alternative therapy will protect you from the worst.
However, based on research with other types of acute infections from viruses with existing cold or flu viruses, some alternative measures may be helpful to support you through the symptoms. This is only relevant if your doctor tells you it is OK to stay home and rest while recovering. Most likely, trying these items under your doctor’s supervision will do no harm. And, if they help at all, so much the better.
These may or may not include:
Natural Supplements
High dose vitamin C (try buffered vitamin C to avoid the diarrhea that ordinary vitamin C products with ascorbic acid will cause in high dose). Doses may range from 200 mg at a time up to 4000 mg at a time over a short period of time – your own doctor and/or naturopathic physician can give you specific guidance. The goal is to keep your body saturated in vitamin C 24/7 – so dividing doses may make sense, as excess vitamin C otherwise washes out in the urine.
Some recent anecdotal reports from China indicate that IV (intravenous) vitamin C may have helped some COVID-19 infected patients there. As a good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, vitamin C may lessen the damage to the lungs that the inflammatory reaction (cytokine release excess) to the virus may cause. Some earlier research has shown that higher dose vitamin C may prevent pneumonia, which is the end-stage part of the disease that kills people.
It is helpful to know that vitamin C has previously demonstrated the ability to decrease lung inflammation induced by other viruses like influenza A/H1N1 virus (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26898166). Vitamin C can stabilize mast cells and exert antihistamine effects to help reduce the impact of cytokine storms and related inflammatory events that can overwhelm bodies that are infected by respiratory viruses. Not a panacea, but a potentially useful tool (see list of more references below).
In stressed mice, research has shown that vitamin C may lessen synthesis of the stress hormone cortisol, thus acting as a mechanism for blocking potential stress-caused impairment of the immune system with increases in susceptibility to influenza viral infection-related pneumonia (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25710018).
Even red Korean ginseng may act along with vitamin C as a natural antiviral agent (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27746682).
Quercetin. This bioflavonoid is a natural pigment found in a variety of plants and foods like onions, applies, and berries, as well as elder berries. There are as yet no studies of quercetin and coronavirus. However, there is some research indicating that quercetin may help inhibit certain enzymes that the influenza A virus uses to enter cells during infection. It is therefore a candidate for study in the current pandemic.
Zinc gluconate lozenges to dissolve in your mouth. Do NOT sniff zinc up your nose – this has been shown to cause permanent loss of the sense of smell from brain damage. A dose of 15 mg/day is probably reasonable for most people, but again, talk with your doctor to be sure what’s best for you. Zinc may shorten the duration of acute illnesses like colds. Another mineral of importance to preventing attacks like influenza A is selenium.
Elderberry syrups or lozenges or chewables. This herbal product may help support the body especially if you develop a cough. Again, neither elderberry nor other herbal products are “cures” – but they may lessen symptom severity. Research studies are consistent with suggesting elderberry may lessen the impact of an influenza infection.
Other natural herbal extracts may also have some antiviral properties, e.g., olive leaf extract, astragalus, echinacea, and others, but studies on COVID-19 or related viruses per se are not currently available.
Vitamin D3. If you cannot or do not get outdoor sun enough to make your own with sun-exposed skin, vitamin D3 supplementation to support the immune system can be a key nutrient that is overlooked. Especially if you have a loved one in a nursing home, ask for them to be tested for their vitamin D blood levels, in the least.
Or, during the pandemic crisis, try supplementation with vitamin D3 cautiously, but try it. It is typically a tiny little capsule easy to swallow.
The chances are that you and your loved ones could be vitamin D deficient (42% of the overall US population is deficient in vitamin D, with some groups such as African-Americans experiencing a rate over 82% and Hispanics a rate of 63%).
If so, you run the risk of getting a more severe case of COVID-19 (https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3571484; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0239252)(https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20200518/more-vitamin-d-lower-risk-of-severe-covid-19).
In fact, one study demonstrated that the people hospitalized with COVID-19 are more likely (over 80%) than even the general population to have vitamin D deficiency (https://academic.oup.com/jcem/advance-article/doi/10.1210/clinem/dgaa733/5934827). It may not protect you from getting COVID infection, but it may help modulate your immune system to lessen your risks of serious complications.
Most very frail elderly with pneumonia have vitamin D deficiency. It is also known that people of color are more prone to vitamin D deficiency than are white people. And, vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for various cancers as well.
If the levels are deficient or barely in the normal range, ask their doctor to consider a supplement with at least 800 IU vitamin D3 per day. Some studies have used much higher loading doses to get the blood level up to normal if your baseline is a severe deficiency.
Studies suggest that treatment of nursing home residents with vitamin D can reduce the incidence of new respiratory infections. Previous research has demonstrated that the people most likely to fare the worst and die from pneumonia are those with lower blood levels of vitamin D in their systems (see our related article on vitamin D in this blog).
NAC or N-acetyl-l-cysteine is another natural antioxidant supplement that may be protective against lung injury from other types of influenza viruses (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24968347/?from_term=NAC+virus&from_pos=1). Another natural supplement is carnosine, with animal studies suggesting some protection against swine flu virus damage to the lungs. But -there are no data as yet on their effects with coronavirus infections.
Olive Leaf Extract is created from the natural herbal source olive tree leaves. As you probably know by now, olives and extra virgin olive oil are a mainstay food item in the health-promoting Mediterranean Diet. Often you will see olive leaf extract supplement products are standardized to contain 15, 20, 40 or even 50% constituent oleuropein.
This product has very strong antioxidant effects and may exert anticancer and lipid-lowering benefits. If you have osteoporosis (loss of bone with increased fracture risk), data also show that the higher concentrations of olive leaf extract may also help you rebuild bone naturally (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25560820/?from_single_result=bonolive+bone).
Many people take olive leaf extract as a natural way to lower high blood pressure with a mechanism similar to the ACE inhibitor synthetic drugs (perhaps without the same side effects)… but with extra benefits rather than risks, such as antiviral and antibacterial effects.
Probiotics, given their central role in modulating immune system function, are also important for supporting immune responses to viruses and bacteria, including other influenza viruses. Specific probiotic “good” bacteria to consider, from past research, would include Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and lactobacillus brevis.
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Homeopathic Remedies. Homeopathy is an over 200-year-old system of complementary and alternative medicine developed by a German physician and chemist, Samuel Hahnemann MD.
Some over-the-counter homeopathic medicines, such as Bryonia (especially for certain types of slow-to-develop symptoms, dry cough, or muscle pain, loss of sense of smell or taste, very thirsty but not drinking often, with irritability and wanting to be left alone, pneumonia; much worse when moving), Gelsemium sempervirens (especially with weakness, dullness, sleepiness and/or fatigue with thirstlessness), or Eupatorium perfoliatum (especially with severe achiness), in 30C potencies taken hourly at first, but at least two to three times per day may help lessen symptom severity. These types of remedies are typically available in most health food stores or online.
If you get a stomach “flu” set of symptoms with gut pain, nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea or asthma types of attacks and/or respiratory difficulty around 1 am in the middle of the night – with a great deal of restlessness and anxiety about your health, thirstlessness except for small sips of cold water, then homeopathic Arsenicum Album 30C may reduce the intensity of symptoms.
Over many different epidemics from influenza to cholera, the published track record of mortality rates under homeopathic care was very low, e.g., 1 to 3%, whereas conventional care lost 30-40% in the same epidemics (https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0038-1649487). A useful video illustrating these points is at https://youtu.be/0hAV15mAlmw
In addition, the homeopathic medicine Ignatia (30C or 200C) may be helpful to ease the intensity of the grief reactions to tragic losses of life, health, and everyday activties that so many people have been experiencing. It does not change the realities, but it may help you cope with them without risking conventional drug treatments that are addictive and even more damaging to your physical and emotional well being.
Also, if you are a first responder or health care worker on the front lines and are feeling overwhelmed by the human suffering in which you have been immersed, take a look at the homeopathic medicine Aconite30C or 200C. This particular homeopathic may somewhat ease PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder) symptoms that can hit anyone after a traumatic experience.
Just FYI, the Queen of England and her family have relied on homeopathic treatment for generations, since the 1930’s (https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/royal-family-homeopathy.html/). If it’s good enough for them, maybe it’s good enough for you? Want more help from a professional homeopath by telemedicine? Try this inexpensive referral online resource first – https://www.homeopathyhelpnow.com/
These homeopathic medicines are not preventive measures, but they may help lessen flu-like symptoms once you get them. And – very importantly – homeopathy is different from conventional drugs – you stop taking doses when you feel better and only repeat doses if your symptoms get worse again.
And if you develop trouble breathing with shortness of breath, that makes it time to seek conventional medical care to head off pneumonia, which can kill people.
Finally, if you are enduring being isolated at home with an abusive person, know that there is a supportive hotline available that can help – https://www.thehotline.org/. Their phone number is 1-800-799-7233. Or, if you are depressed and have hit the end of your tolerance for events in your life enough to contemplate suicide, call the National Suicide Prevent Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255. There is help out there – ask for it.
Conclusions
Alternative therapies may or may not help lessen symptoms or shorten your infection – but they will NOT ever replace the basics of good hygiene and current public health recommendations.
At the same time, for these types of complementary “alternative” therapies to be helpful, you don’t need a formal diagnosis in the conventional medical sense. If you have symptoms, a number of these strategies may be valuable to try.
If you are a member of a particularly vulnerable group such as the elderly with chronic lung or heart conditions or diabetes, be aware that your underlying state of nutritional status may be impaired by your chronic illness(es). It would be worth it to discuss your individual situation with your doctor.
Poorly controlled diabetes, for instance, will lead to depletion of water-soluble nutrients with urinary losses, including vitamin C and the B complex vitamins. Diabetics often also have low levels of zinc in their bloodstream.
For such diabetic individuals, in consultation with their own doctors, it especially makes sense to add appropriate supplements during an acute infection to support the body in trying to fight off the virus.
Furthermore, anyone living in a nursing home or limited by mobility at home is typically indoors and out of the sunshine most of the time – that greatly raises the risk of vitamin D deficiency or undernutrition. Low vitamin D levels can lead to immune system impairment, increase risk of getting respiratory viral infections, and even worsen the risk of falls in older people.
Studies show that people already deficient in vitamin D benefit the most from D3 supplementation. Note that the benefit is from the vitamin D3 form – not the D2 form – in choosing the best supplement for you. But, as over 40% of the American population has tested low in vitamin D levels, it is worth adding to your daily regimen.
Especially in cold and flu season, making sure that the elders in your life – in nursing homes or not – get the nutritional support that might help them lessen the severity of “ordinary” colds and flu, perhaps in addition to the COVID-19 virus infection.
And, if you do get infected with corona virus, take good care of yourself, including using whatever natural anti-inflammatory nutrients and herbs have helped people get through other types of viral infections.
More Information and Resources
- General hygiene and cleanliness along with correspondence with your health care provider will go a long way.
- Wash your hands for twenty seconds often, especially after touching things many others have touched.
- Clean your house regularly, especially high use surfaces.
For more information on COVID-19, consult the CDC at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html.
World Health Organization – https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
Other References
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Addition of Zinc May Benefit Some Being Treated for COVID-19
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